Selecting photographs for a destination or point of interest

ABSTRACT

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for computerized travel services. One of the methods includes identifying photographs using an index of photographs, the photographs being identified from the index as photographs geographically related to a point of interest or destination and having a creation timestamp corresponding to a time of the year; determining for each of the photographs, a relevancy score based at least in part on: selection success data of the photograph for image queries referring to the point of interest or destination, and references to the point of interest or destination in documents associated with the photograph; and selecting a selected photograph from the photographs based at least in part on a respective visual quality score and the respective relevancy scores, the visual quality score representing a degree of visual quality of the respective photographs.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/782,351 filed Oct. 12, 2017, and entitled“Selecting Photographs for A Destination or Point of Interest,” which isa continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser.No. 15/280,080 filed Sep. 29, 2016, and entitled “Selecting Photographsfor A Destination or Point of Interest,” which is a continuation of andclaims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/853,996 filedMar. 29, 2013, and entitled “Selecting Photographs for A Destination orPoint of Interest,” which claims priority to U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 61/794,562, filed Mar. 15, 2013, entitled “Destinationand Point of Interest Search.” The complete disclosure of theabove-identified priority applications is hereby fully incorporatedherein by reference.

BACKGROUND

This specification relates generally to computerized travel services.

The Internet is used to plan travel. Most often, users submit veryspecific travel queries to Internet travel search engines and arepresented with very specific travel query results. This is ofteninsufficient for users who lack a clear plan or wish to explore multipletravel options.

SUMMARY

This specification describes technologies relating to computerizedtravel services.

In general, one innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied as a method, system, or computerprograms recorded on one or more computer storage devices for selectinga photograph for a destination or point of interest. Multiplephotographs for a destination or point of interest are identified asgeographically related to the destination or point of interest. Aselected photograph is selected from the multiple photographs based atleast in part on selection success data and documents.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving natural feature mapping data, the natural feature mappingdata representing geographic footprints of multiple natural features;receiving political feature mapping data, the political feature mappingdata representing geographic footprints of multiple political features;classifying the natural features as a destination or not a destination,including: classifying at least one of the natural features as adestination based at least in part on determining that the geographicfootprint of the natural feature overlaps with more than one of thegeographic footprints of the political features, and storing datarepresenting the natural features classified as a destination in ageographic data store. Other embodiments of this aspect includecorresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programsrecorded on one or more computer storage devices, each configured toperform the actions of the methods.

For a system of one or more computers to be configured to performparticular operations or actions means that the system has installed onit software, firmware, hardware, or a combination of them that inoperation cause the system to perform the operations or actions. For oneor more computer programs to be configured to perform particularoperations or actions means that the one or more programs includeinstructions that, when executed by data processing apparatus, cause theapparatus to perform the actions.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving natural feature mapping data, the natural feature mappingdata representing geographic footprints of multiple natural features;receiving political feature mapping data, the political feature mappingdata representing geographic footprints of multiple political features;classifying each of the natural features as a point of interest or not apoint of interest, including: classifying at least one of the naturalfeatures as a point of interest based at least in part on determiningthat the geographic footprint of the natural feature is contained withinone of the geographic footprints of the political features, and storingdata representing the natural features classified as a point of interestin a geographic data store. Other embodiments of this aspect includecorresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programsrecorded on one or more computer storage devices, each configured toperform the actions of the methods.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving data indicative of a point of interest or destination,e.g., a city, and a time of the year; identifying photographs using anindex of photographs, the photographs being identified from the index asphotographs geographically related to the point of interest ordestination and having a creation timestamp corresponding to the time ofthe year; determining for each of the photographs, a relevancy scorebased at least in part on: selection success data of the photograph forimage queries referring to the point of interest or destination, andreferences to the point of interest or destination in documentsassociated with the photograph; and selecting a selected photograph fromthe photographs based at least in part on a respective visual qualityscore and the respective relevancy scores, the visual quality scorerepresenting a degree of visual quality of the respective photographs.Other embodiments of this aspect include corresponding computer systems,apparatus, and computer programs recorded on one or more computerstorage devices, each configured to perform the actions of the methods.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving data indicative of a point of interest or destination,e.g., a city, and an activity; identifying photographs using an index ofphotographs, the photographs being identified from the index asphotographs geographically related to the point of interest ordestination; determining for each of the photographs, a relevancy scorebased at least in part on: first selection success data of thephotograph for image queries referring to the point of interest ordestination, second selection success data of the photograph for imagequeries referring to the activity, references to the point of interestor destination in documents associated with the photograph, andreferences to the activity in documents associated with the photograph;and a selected photograph from the photographs based at least in part ona respective visual quality score and the respective relevancy scores,the visual quality score representing a degree of visual quality of therespective photographs. Other embodiments of this aspect includecorresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programsrecorded on one or more computer storage devices, each configured toperform the actions of the methods.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving data indicative of a destination, e.g., a city;identifying points of interest associated with the destination byquerying a geographic data store that includes data mapping destinationsto points of interest; for each of the points of interest: identifyingphotographs using an index of photographs, the photographs beingidentified from the index as photographs geographically related to thepoint of interest, determining for each of the photographs a relevancyscore based at least in part on selection success data of the photographfor image queries referring to the point of interest and references tothe point of interest in documents associated with the photograph, andselecting a selected point of interest photograph from the photographsbased at least in part on a respective visual quality score and therespective relevancy scores, the visual quality score representing adegree of visual quality of the respective photographs; and selecting aselected destination photograph from the selected point of interestphotographs. Other embodiments of this aspect include correspondingcomputer systems, apparatus, and computer programs recorded on one ormore computer storage devices, each configured to perform the actions ofthe methods.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: identifying points of interest or destinations, e.g., cities,associated with a travel location by querying a geographic data storethat includes data mapping travel locations to points of interest ordestinations; determining for each of the points of interest: a count oftravel related documents that refer to the point of interest ordestination, a count of travel related queries that refer to the pointof interest or destination, a count of photographs that aregeographically related to the point of interest or destination, and apopularity score based at least in part on the count of traveldocuments, the count of travel queries, and the count of photographs;and selecting a selected point of interest or destination based at leastin part on the respective popularity scores. Other embodiments of thisaspect include corresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computerprograms recorded on one or more computer storage devices, eachconfigured to perform the actions of the methods.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving a travel query; determining an origin location, a timeframe, and a travel location based at least in part on the travel query;identifying points of interest or destinations, e.g., cities, associatedwith the travel location by querying a geographic data store thatincludes data mapping travel locations to points of interest ordestinations; for each of the points of interest or destinations:determining, photographs that are geographically related to the point ofinterest or destination according to an index of photographs, selectinga selected photograph from the photographs based at least in part on arespective visual quality score, the visual quality score representing adegree of visual quality of the respective photograph, and a respectiverelevancy score, the relevancy score representing a degree of relevanceto the point of interest or destination of the respective photograph;obtaining a description associated with the point of interest ordestination, obtaining a hotel price associated with the point ofinterest or destination and with the time frame, and obtaining a flightprice for a flight corresponding to the origin location, the point ofinterest or destination, and the time frame; and providing for each ofthe points of interest or destinations, a query result including therespective selected photograph, the respective description, therespective hotel price, and the respective flight price. Otherembodiments of this aspect include corresponding computer systems,apparatus, and computer programs recorded on one or more computerstorage devices, each configured to perform the actions of the methods.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving a request identifying a destination, e.g., a city, therequest also identifying a time frame and an origin location;identifying destination photographs using an index of photographs, thedestination photographs being identified from the index as photographsgeographically related to the destination; selecting a selecteddestination photograph from the destination photographs based at leastin part on a respective first visual quality score, the first visualquality score representing a degree of visual quality of the respectivedestination photograph, and a respective first relevancy score, thefirst relevancy score representing a degree of relevance to thedestination of the respective destination photograph; obtaining adestination description associated with the destination; obtaining hoteldata identifying a hotel associated with the destination, the hotel dataincluding a hotel price; obtaining flight data identifying a flightcorresponding to the destination, the origin location, and the timeframe; identifying points of interest associated with the destination;for each of the points of interest: identifying point of interestphotographs using the index of photographs, point of interestphotographs being identified from the index as photographsgeographically related to the point of interest, and selecting, aselected point of interest photograph from the point of interestphotographs based at least in part on a respective second visual qualityscore, the second visual quality score representing a degree of visualquality of the respective point of interest photograph, and a respectivesecond relevancy score, the second relevancy score representing a degreeof relevance to the point of interest of the respective point ofinterest photograph; obtaining respective point of interest descriptionsassociated with each of the points of interest; and providing adestination page, the destination page including the selecteddestination photograph, the hotel price, the flight data, thedestination description, the selected point of interest photographs, andthe point of interest descriptions. Other embodiments of this aspectinclude corresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programsrecorded on one or more computer storage devices, each configured toperform the actions of the methods.

In general, another innovative aspect of the subject matter described inthis specification can be embodied in methods that include the actionsof: receiving a search request identifying a point of interest;identifying point of interest photographs using an index of photographs,the point of interest photographs being identified from the index asphotographs geographically related to the point of interest; selecting aselected point of interest photograph from the point of interestphotographs based at least in part on a respective first visual qualityscore, the first visual quality score representing a degree of visualquality of the respective point of interest photograph, and a respectivefirst relevancy score, the first relevancy score representing a degreeof relevance to the point of interest of the respective point ofinterest photograph; obtaining a point of interest descriptionassociated with the point of interest; obtaining hotel data identifyinga hotel associated with the point of interest, the hotel data includinga hotel description; identifying other points of interest associatedwith the point of interest; for each of the other points of interest:identifying other point of interest photographs using the index ofphotographs, the other point of interest photographs being identifiedfrom the index as photographs geographically related to the other pointof interest, and selecting a selected other point of interest photographfrom the other point of interest photographs based at least in part on arespective second visual quality score, the second visual quality scorerepresenting a degree of visual quality of the respective other point ofinterest photograph, and a respective second relevancy score, the secondrelevancy score representing a degree of relevance to the other point ofinterest of the respective other point of interest photograph; obtainingrespective other point of interest descriptions associated with each ofthe other points of interest; and providing a point of interest page,the point of interest page including, the selected point of interestphotograph, the point of interest description, the hotel description,the selected other point of interest photographs, and the other point ofinterest descriptions. Other embodiments of this aspect includecorresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programsrecorded on one or more computer storage devices, each configured toperform the actions of the methods.

The details of one or more embodiments of the subject matter of thisspecification are set forth in the accompanying drawings and thedescription below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of thesubject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings,and the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example travel search engine system.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example travel search engine.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example destination point of interest module.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example method for classifying natural features.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example method for selecting photographs for adestination or point of interest.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example method for selecting photographs for adestination.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example method for selecting a destination orpoint of interest.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example method for providing travel query results.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example method for providing a destination page.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example method for providing a point of interestpage.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example travel search engine interface.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example travel query results interface.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example destination page.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example point of interest page.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates an example travel search engine system 119 as can beimplemented for use in an Internet, an intranet, or another client andserver environment. The travel search engine system 119 can beimplemented as, for example, computer programs running on one or morecomputers in one or more locations that are coupled to each otherthrough a network. The travel search engine system 119 includes a travelsearch engine 118, as described in more detail below with reference toFIG. 2. The travel search engine system 119 produces travel queryresults 120 from a travel query 116. The systems, components, andtechniques described below can be implemented in the example travelsearch engine system 119.

A user 102 can interact with the travel search engine system 119 througha user device 105. In some implementations, the user device 105 cancommunicate with the travel search engine system 119 over a network. Forexample, the user device 105 can be a computer coupled to the travelsearch engine system 119 through one or more wired or wireless networks,e.g., mobile phone networks, local area networks (LANs) or wide areanetworks (WANs), e.g., the Internet. In some implementations, the userdevice 105 can communicate directly with the travel search engine system119. For example, the travel search engine system 119 and the userdevice 105 can be implemented on one machine. For example, a user caninstall the travel search engine system 119 on the user device 105. Theuser device 105 will generally include a random access memory (RAM) 106,a processor 108, and one or more user interface devices 110, e.g., adisplay or a speaker for output, and a keyboard, mouse, microphone, ortouch sensitive display for input.

A user 102 can use the user device 105 to submit a travel query 116 tothe travel search engine system 119. For example, the user can use theone or more user interface devices 110 of the user device 105 to enterthe travel query 116 in a user interface provided by travel searchengine system 119, e.g., in a single query text input field of a webpage. The travel query 116 can be text or audio and can be in naturallanguage form. The travel query 116 can be associated with querymetadata. The query metadata can be data associated with or provided bythe user device 105 and can be, for example, location, IP address, date,time, and user preferences. The user device 105 can provide suchmetadata in an HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) request that alsoincludes the travel query 116, for example. The scope of the travelquery 116 can be defined by a number of terms or parameters, including:an origin location, a travel location, a timeframe, an activity, flightpreferences, hotel preferences, and pricing preferences. These aredescribed in greater detail below, with reference to FIGS. 7-10. Theterms or parameters can be explicitly included by the user in the travelquery 116 or can be inferred by either the user device 105 or the searchengine system 119 based at least in part on the query metadata or otherrelevant data.

The travel search engine 118 responds to the received travel query 116by obtaining travel query results 120 that are responsive to the travelquery 116. A travel query result represents a travel option, e.g., adestination or point of interest. The travel query results 120 aretransmitted through a network to the user device 105 and presented in anorganized fashion to the user 102, e.g., on a travel search engineresults web page displayed in a web browser running on the user device105. Other search results generated by the search engine can beoptionally presented with the travel query results 120. Each travelquery result 120 can include a description of the represented traveloption and a hyperlink to a site or sites that allow the user to bookthe different components of the travel option.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example travel search engine 118. As shown in FIG.2, travel search engine 118 includes a hotel module 210, a flight module212, and a destination point of interest module 215. The travel searchengine 118 can be implemented as, for example, computer programs runningon one or more computers in one or more locations that are coupled toeach other through a network.

The travel search engine 118 is configured to receive the travel query116 and return travel query results 120. The travel search engine 118can employ any of its modules to produce the travel query results 120based at least in part on the travel query 116. The travel search engine118 submits a request to any of its modules. The request can include thetravel query 116 and query metadata, or portions thereof. The travelsearch engine 118 receives a response from any of its modules and canuse the contents of the response to produce travel query results 120.The response can include one or more travel query results and or otherdata that can be used to produce travel query results, e.g., digitalphotographs, descriptions, flight data, or hotel data. Responses andrequests are issued and received, for example, by using function calls,messages, or shared data.

In some implementations, some or all of the hotel module 210, the flightmodule 212, and the destination point of interest module 215 can beimplemented as part of travel search engine 118 or travel search enginesystem 119. For example, they can be implemented on the same computer orcomputers as the travel search engine 118 and or share a network withthe travel search engine 118. In some implementations, some or all ofthe hotel module 210, the flight module 212, and the destination pointof interest module 215 can be implemented separately from the travelsearch engine 118 or travel search engine system 119. For example, theycan be implemented on different computers than the travel search engine118 and communicate with the travel search engine 118 and or each otherover a network, e.g., the Internet.

The hotel module 210, the flight module 212, and the destination pointof interest module 215 can each include or be in communication with acorresponding data store residing locally or remotely. In someimplementations, these include a hotel data store for the hotel module210, a flight data store for the flight module 212, and, for thedestination point of interest module 215, a photograph data store 310and a geographic data store 312 (FIG. 3). In some implementations, oneor more of the data stores can be implemented as a file, database,multiple files, or multiple databases on a distributed data storageinfrastructure, e.g., infrastructures of the kind described in Corbettet al., Spanner: Google's globally-distributed database, Proceedings ofthe 10th USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design andImplementation (2012), or infrastructures of the kind described in Changet al., Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data, inTransactions on Computer Systems (June 2008), or on some other storageinfrastructure, implemented on computer readable and writable memorydevices.

Hotel module 210 receives requests from the travel search engine 118 andissues responses to the travel search engine 118. The hotel module 210can also receive requests from and issue responses to any of the othermodules in travel search engine 118. A request can include a travellocation and a timeframe. These are described in greater detail below,with reference to FIGS. 8-10. Here, the hotel module 210 can query thehotel data store for hotels that are available during the timeframe andare related to the travel location. The hotel module 210 determines thata hotel is related to a travel location using one or more metrics,including whether the hotel's geographic location is within a thresholddistance from the travel location. Additionally, a request can alsoinclude additional criteria, e.g., a price preference, a user feedbackrating preference, or a hotel star preference. Here, the hotel module210 can query the hotel data store for hotels that match the additionalcriteria. The hotel module 210 can issue a response to the travel searchengine 118 or any of the modules in the travel search engine 118. Theresponse can include information about one of more hotels, which mayinclude, e.g., titles, images, prices, availability, star ratings, userfeedback ratings, locations, or descriptions.

Flight module 212 receives requests from the travel search engine 118and issues responses to the travel search engine 118. The flight module212 can also receive requests from and issue responses to any of theother modules in the travel search engine 118. A request can include atravel location, an origin location, or a timeframe. These are describedin greater detail below, with reference to FIGS. 8-10. Here, the flightmodule 212 can query the flight data store for flights available duringthe timeframe that are related to the travel location and the originlocation. The flight module 212 can determine that a flight is relatedto a travel location and the origin location using one or more metrics,including whether the geographic location of one of the airportsassociated with the flight is within a threshold distance from thetravel location or the origin location. Additionally a request can alsoinclude additional criteria, e.g., a price preference, a cabinpreference, e.g., first-class, a user feedback rating preference, anumber of stops preference, an airline preference, a plane typepreference, or a time length preference. The flight module 212 can querythe flight data store for flights that match the additional criteria.The flight module 212, can issue a response to the travel engine 118 orany of the modules in the travel search engine 118. The response caninclude information about of one or more flights, e.g., descriptions,airlines, flight numbers, flight times, flight durations, stops, price,user feedback ratings, locations, or availability.

Destination point of interest module 215 receives requests from travelsearch engine 118 and issues responses to travel search engine 118. Thedestination point of interest module 215 can also receive requests fromany of the other modules in the travel search engine 118. Thedestination point of interest module 215 can issue responses to thetravel search engine 118 or any of the other modules in the travelsearch engine 118. The destination point of interest module 215 isdescribed in greater detail below, with reference to FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example destination point of interest module 215.As illustrated in FIG. 3, the destination point of interest module 215receives a destination point of interest request 315 and issues adestination point of interest response 316. The destination point ofinterest module 215 includes a photograph data store 310 and ageographic data store 312.

The destination point of interest module 215 receives a destinationpoint of interest request 315, for example from travel search engine 118or any of its modules. The request 315 can include one or more terms,including a travel location, a timeframe, or an activity. Thedestination point of interest module 215 can query the geographic datastore 312 for destinations or points of interest associated with thetravel location and optionally the activity. The destination point ofinterest module 215 can also query the photograph data store 310 fordigital photographs associated with the travel location, a destination,a point of interest, the timeframe, or the activity. The destinationpoint of interest module can take the results of the query to thegeographic data store 312 and or the query to the photograph data store310 and produce destination point of interest response 316.

The photograph data store 310 stores digital photographs or referencesto digital photographs, e.g., links, identifiers, or memory references.The photograph data store 310 can store the digital photographs orreferences to the digital photographs on one or more non-volatilemediums, including magnetic hard drives, solid-state drives, memory,optical disks, or tapes.

In some implementations, the photograph data store 310 stores photographmetadata associated with the digital photographs or the references tothe digital photographs. The photograph metadata can be formatted in orderived from one or more standards including Exchangeable Image FileFormat (EXIF), Tagged Image File Format (TIFF), and Design rule forCamera File (DCF). In some implementations, some or all of thephotograph metadata is stored separately from the digital photographs orthe references to the digital photographs. The photograph metadata caninclude geographic or geo-tag metadata, e.g., Global Positioning System(GPS) or Assisted GPS (A-GPS) coordinates. Additionally, the photographmetadata can include camera metadata, e.g., the camera model or camerasettings including, e.g., aperture, shutter speed, focal length, ISOspeed, or resolution. Additionally, the photograph metadata can includetemporal metadata, e.g., a creation timestamp that reflects when aphotograph was taken or captured. Additionally, the photograph metadatacan include topical metadata, e.g., a title or tags.

In some implementations, the photograph metadata includes documentmetadata for documents that include or reference a photograph. Thedocument metadata can include the title of the photograph in thedocument, text from the document, the title of the document, or a URLfor the document. The document metadata is drawn from one or more typesof documents, including HyperText Markup Language (HTML) documents, wordprocessing documents, imaged documents, or presentation documents. Thedocuments can be obtained from multiple sources including the Internet,social networking websites, and photo sharing websites in accordancewith user privacy policies and expectations and copyright law. In someimplementations, the documents are identified using an Internet imagesearch.

In some implementations, the photograph metadata can includephotographer metadata, for example, references, e.g., links,identifiers, or memory references to other photos taken by thephotographer, an identification for the photographer, a user feedbackrating of the photographer, and a quality rating for the photographer.The photographer metadata can be obtained or determined from socialnetworking websites and photo sharing websites in accordance with userprivacy policies and expectations and copyright law.

In some implementations, the photograph data store 310 is associatedwith one or more indices. The indices are based at least in part onattributes or metadata associated with the digital photographs orreferences to the digital photographs stored in the photograph datastore 310. For example, the digital photographs or references to thedigital photographs in the photograph data store 310 can be indexed bygeographic location based at least in part on their respectivegeographic or geo-tag metadata or associated destinations or points ofinterest. Each of the indices can include one or more sub-indices basedat least in part on the same or different attributes or metadata. Theindices can be stored in the photograph data store 310 or separatelyfrom the photograph data store 310.

The geographic data store 312 stores geographic data regarding points ofinterests or destinations. For each of the points of interest ordestinations, the geographic data store 312 stores a variety of data,e.g., geographic coordinates or locations, names, or categories. Thegeographic data store 312 can store the geographic data on one or morenon-volatile mediums, including magnetic hard drives, solid-statedrives, memory, optical disks, or tapes.

The geographic data includes data classifying geographic entities, e.g.,places or locations, as either destinations or points of interest.Generally, geographic entities that have a large geographic footprintare more likely to be classified as destinations. For example,continents, subcontinents, countries, regions of countries, states,regions of states, counties, neighborhoods, and cities would all beclassified as destinations. Conversely, entities that have a smallgeographic footprint are more likely to be classified as points ofinterest. For example, points of interest can include hotels,restaurants, amusement parks, landmarks, statues, museums, parks, zoos,bars, nightclubs, and resorts.

In some implementations, the geographic data represents a logicalhierarchy reflective of the relationships between destinations andpoints of interest. The logical hierarchy can represent that adestination may contain one or more smaller destinations as well as oneor more points of interest. The logical hierarchy can be multileveledwith points of interest at the bottom or dispersed throughout. Forexample, a first destination could contain a smaller second destination,which could contain an even smaller third destination, which couldcontain one or more points of interest. In this example, the points ofinterest contained by the even smaller third destination are alsoassociated with the second destination and the first destination becausethe points of interest fall under the second destination and the firstdestination in the logical hierarchy. The hierarchy can be representedin any convenient conventional way.

In some implementations, geographic entities are classified based atleast in part on initial mapping data. The initial mapping data can bepolitical mapping data, natural mapping data, or a combination of thetwo, and can come from one or more sources. The initial mapping data canbe for the entire earth or some subsection or subsections of the earth.The initial mapping data can be in a Geographic Information System (GIS)format, Geography Markup Language (GML) format, OpenStreetMap (OSM)format, or other mapping data format. The initial mapping data candefine polygons or other shapes the represent the geographic footprintfor a location or place. The initial mapping data can representgeographic entities that are predefined as continents, subcontinents,countries, regions of countries, states, regions of states, counties,cities, neighborhoods, or some other definition that is associated witha reasonably large geographic footprint. These geographic entities areclassified as destinations. Additionally, the initial mapping data canrepresent geographic entities that are predefined as hotels,restaurants, amusement parks, landmarks, statues, museums, parks, zoos,bars, nightclubs, resorts, or some other definition that is associatedwith a reasonably small geographic footprint. These geographic entitiesare classified as points of interest.

In some implementations, the destination point of interest module 215and geographic data store 312 are configured to construct the logicalhierarchy based at least in part on a hierarchy supplied by the initialmapping data. In some cases, the initial mapping data may represent ahierarchy. The destination point of interest module 215 can extract thehierarchy of the initial mapping data and use it to construct its ownhierarchy in the geographic data store 312.

In some implementations, the system constructs the logical hierarchybased at least in part on geographic footprints or locations. Here,geographic footprints for geographic entities classified as destinationsare obtained and compared to identify destinations whose entiregeographic footprint or substantially entire geographic footprint iscontained within the geographic footprint of another destination. Thelogical hierarchy is then structured to indicate that each destinationcontains or substantially contains the destination below it in thehierarchy based at least in part on their respective geographicfootprints. Geographic entities classified as points of interest areadded to the logical hierarchy based at least in part on theirgeographic locations or footprints. For example, the system can assignone or more points of interest to a destination where the points ofinterest have geographic locations or footprints that are entirely orsubstantially contained by the geographic footprint of the destination.Optionally, a point of interest could be pushed down the logicalhierarchy such that it is assigned to the lowest destination on thelogical hierarchy that contains the point of interest.

In some implementations, the geographic data store 312 is configured toallow for searching by travel location. Here the geographic data store312 can include geographic coordinates or other geographic positioningdata for the geographic entities classified as destinations or points ofinterests. As described in greater detail with respect to FIGS. 6 and 8,the geographic coordinates or other geographic positioning data or thelogical hierarchy can be used to map a travel location that is thesubject of the search to one or more destinations or points of interest.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example method 400 for classifying naturalfeatures as either points of interest or destinations. As shown in FIG.4, natural features are classified as either destinations or points ofinterest and the result is stored in the geographic data store 312, asdescribed below.

The system receives natural feature mapping data (402). The naturalfeature mapping data is received in one or more ways including, as anargument in a function call, a query result from a data store, as amemory reference, or as a data transmission. The natural feature mappingdata can be received in one or more formats, including GIS, GML, and OSMand include data representing one or more natural features. Naturalfeatures can be classified in the natural feature mapping data incategories including mountains, mountain ranges, lakes, seas, oceans,rivers, bays, islands, creeks, streams, valleys, forests, and deserts.Additionally, the system can receive natural feature mapping data thatincludes data representing geographic footprints for the naturalfeatures. The system extracts the data representing the natural featuresand the data representing the geographic footprints to identify multiplenatural features and their geographic footprints.

The system receives political feature mapping data (406). The politicalfeature mapping data is received in one or more ways including, as anargument in a function call, a query result from a data store, as amemory reference, or as a data transmission. The political featuremapping data can be received in one or more formats, including GIS, GML,or OSM and include data representing one or more political features.Political features can be classified in the political feature mappingdata in categories including continents, subcontinents, countries,regions of countries, states, regions of states, counties,neighborhoods, or cities. Additionally, the system can receive politicalfeature mapping data that includes data representing geographicfootprints for the political features. The system extracts the datarepresenting the political features and the data representing thegeographic footprints to identify multiple political features and theirgeographic footprints.

The system classifies one or more of the natural features as adestination or a point of interest based at least in part on geographicfootprints (410). In some implementations, if the geographic footprintof a particular natural feature overlaps with at least two of thegeographic footprints of the political features, the particular naturalfeature is classified as a destination. In some implementations, thesystem requires that at least a minimum threshold portion of thegeographic footprint of the natural feature intersect with thegeographic footprint of the political feature before the two will beconsidered to overlap. Additionally, the political features consideredcan be restricted to one or more categories, for example states.

In some implementations, where the geographic footprint of a naturalfeature is contained within one of the geographic footprints of thepolitical features, the particular natural feature is classified as apoint of interest. In some implementations, the system requires that atleast a minimum threshold portion of the geographic footprint of thenatural feature intersect with the geographic footprint of the politicalfeature for a natural feature to be contained by a political feature.Additionally, the political features considered can be restricted to oneor more categories, for example cities.

The system stores data representing the natural features as either adestination or a point of interest in the geographic data store 312(412). The data representing the natural features can include one ormore pieces of data related to the natural features, e.g., names,geographic coordinates, shapes, categories, or classifications.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example method 500 for selecting photographs for adestination or point of interest. As shown in FIG. 5, the system selectsone or more photographs for a destination or point of interest based atleast in part on a relevancy score, as described below.

The system receives information about a destination or point of interest(502). The system receives information including a name oridentification for the destination or point of interest, or a locationor geographic coordinates for the destination or point of interest. Insome implementations, the system also receives information about a timeof the year. The system can receive information including a date, arange of dates, a month, or a season. In some implementations, thesystem also receives information about an activity, e.g., a name oridentification associated with the activity.

The system identifies multiple photographs that are geographicallyrelated to the destination or point of interest (504). In someimplementations, the system identifies a photograph as beinggeographically related to the destination or point of interest bycalculating a distance between the location of the destination or thepoint of interest and the location of the photograph and determining ifthe distance satisfies a threshold. The threshold can be predefined orvariable and can be based at least in part on the category or the sizeof the destination or point of interest. The system determines thelocation of the photograph based on the geographic or geo-tag metadataof the photograph obtained from the photograph data store 310.

In some implementations, the system identifies the photographs that aregeographically related to the destination or point of interest usingnon-geographic metadata, e.g., document metadata and topical metadata.Here, the system queries the photograph data store 310 for photographshaving non-geographic metadata that references names or identifiersassociated with the destination or point of interest. For example, aphotograph having a title or surrounding text that mentions the GoldenGate Bridge would be identified as being related to the Golden GateBridge. In some implementations, the system queries the photograph datastore 310 for photographs having non-geographic metadata that referencesnames or identifiers associated with other destinations or points ofinterest that are related to the destination or point of interest basedat least in part on the logical hierarchy.

In some implementations, the photographs that are geographically relatedto the destination or point of interest are identified based at least inpart on photograph clustering. Here, the system identifies thephotographs based at least in part on non-geographic metadata, asdescribed above. The identified photographs are then clustered by thesystem based at least in part on their respective geographic metadata.In some implementations, a centroid and radius is calculated for each ofthe clusters. Subsequently, the system identifies additional photographsby comparing the geographic metadata of the additional photographs withthe geographic locations of the clusters. For example, by determiningthat the additional photographs have a geographic location that iswithin a cluster as defined by its centroid and radius.

In some implementations, the system identifies multiple photographs thatare geographically related to the destination or point of interest andassociated with a time of the year. Here, the photographs that aregeographically related are identified in any of the ways describedabove. The photographs that are associated with a time of the year areidentified by querying the photograph data store 310 or its indices forphotographs with temporal metadata that corresponds to the time of theyear. For example the system can query for photographs that have acreation timestamp that falls within a date range associated with thetime of the year, e.g., photographs taken in January of any year. Insome implementations, the system modifies the time of the year by addingmonths or days to the time of the year.

The system determines a relevancy score for each of the identifiedphotographs (506). The relevancy score can be based at least in part onone or more criteria, including selection success data and references indocuments. The relevancy score can be numeric or nonnumeric and maycomprise more than one score or include sub-scores.

In some implementations, the relevancy score is determined based atleast in part on selection success data of the photograph. The selectionsuccess data is obtained from the photograph data store 310 or anothersource, e.g., query logs, a social networking data store, or aphotograph rating data store. The selection success data can be one ormore types, including click through data and explicit user feedback,e.g., photograph ratings, votes, or other indicia of user approval.

In some implementations, a relevancy score of a photograph is determinedbased at least in part on click through data of the photograph for imagesearch queries that refer to the destination or point of interest. Here,the system determines or obtains how many times a photograph or imagewas accessed, visited, or clicked on following image queries thatinclude words or phrases relevant to the destination or point ofinterest, e.g., a name or identifier for the destination or point ofinterest or names or identifiers for other destinations or points ofinterest that are related to the destination or point of interest basedat least in part on the logical hierarchy. Based at least in part onthis, the system determines a relevancy score.

In some implementations, the relevancy score for a photograph isdetermined based at least in part on explicit feedback, e.g., photographratings, votes, or other indicia of user approval. The explicit feedbackcan be from social networks or photo sharing services, in accordancewith user privacy policies and expectations, terms of service, andcopyright law. Here, the explicit feedback is obtained from socialnetworks or photo sharing services, for example by identifying socialnetworking or photo sharing pages related to the destination or point ofinterest or by querying data stores associated with the social networksor photo sharing services. The photograph ratings, votes, or otherindicia of user approval can then be used to determine the relevancyscore.

In some implementations, the relevancy score is based at least in parton references to the destination or point of interest in documentsassociated with a photograph. Here, the system identifies electronicdocuments associated with the photograph, e.g., webpages, socialnetworking pages, or photograph sharing pages. The system determines adocument to be associated with the photograph based on one or morecriteria, e.g., the document includes the photograph, some portion ofthe photograph, or a link to the photograph. Documents associated withthe photograph can be identified in one or more ways, includingperforming a computer image recognition or computer vision search, orsearching for the name or identification of the photograph in thedocuments or markup language associated with the documents.

The system determines which of the documents associated with thephotograph also reference the destination or point of interest. Thesystem can determine that a document references the destination or pointof interest where the document includes terms that are relevant to thedestination or point of interest, for example, in the body, themetadata, or the markup language of the document. Relevant terms for thedestination or point of interest can be identified, as described above.The system determines the relevancy score based at least in part on thedocuments that are associated with the photograph and reference thedestination or point of interest.

In some implementations, the relevancy score of the photograph is basedat least in part on both selection success data and documents associatedwith the photograph using the methodologies described above.

In some implementations, the relevancy score of the photograph is basedat least in part on computer vision or computer visual recognition of anobject associated with the destination or point of interest. Here, thesystem identifies an object associated with the destination or point ofinterest based at least in part on data in the geographic data store 312or by querying another data store either internal or external to thesystem. The system then provides the photograph and the object to acomputer vision or computer visual recognition service which returns aresponse indicating whether the identified object is present in thephotograph. The response may include a score e.g., a confidence scorethat can be used in determining the relevancy score.

In some implementations, the relevancy score of the photograph isdetermined with regard to an activity. The activity can be identifiedbased at least in part on the received information about the activity.One or more synonyms for the activity can be determined by querying anelectronic thesaurus or a synonym data store.

In some implementations, the activity and or its synonyms are used todetermine the relevancy score based at least in part on the selectionsuccess data. This process is substantially similar to the process fordetermining the relevancy score based at least in part on selectionsuccess data described above. However, here the activity and or itssynonyms are used as the identified relevant terms either solely or inconjunction with the identified relevant terms for the destination orpoint of interest as described above. The same is true for determiningthe relevancy score based at least in part on documents associated withthe point of interest.

The system selects one or more selected photographs from the photographsthat are geographically related to the destination or point of interestbased at least in part on the respective relevancy scores (508). In someimplementations, the photograph or photographs with the best score orscores are selected. Depending on how the relevancy score is determined,the best score may be the highest score or the lowest score. In someimplementations, photographs are selected if they satisfy a threshold.The threshold can be predetermined or dynamically determined. Dependingon how the relevancy scores are determined, the threshold may besatisfied by scores that are greater than or equal to the threshold orscores that are less than or equal to the threshold. In some instances,more than one of the photographs may satisfy the threshold and thus morethan one photograph will be selected. In some instances no photographsmay satisfy the threshold, in which case no photographs will beselected. In some implementations, the system sets the threshold at ascore corresponding to the score of a particular percentile, e.g., thebottom tenth percentile, for the photographs that are geographicallyrelated to the destination or point of interest.

In some implementations, the system selects photographs based at leastin part on a visual quality score. The visual quality score can be oneor more numeric or nonnumeric scores or measures. The visual qualityscore is determined based at least in part on one or more criteria e.g.,exposure, color or saturation, clarity, photographer, camera, or userfeedback. Exposure, color or saturation, and clarity scores or ratingsare determined using established algorithms. In some implementations,the photographer rating is obtained, for example from the photographermetadata in photograph data store 312. In some implementations thephotograph rating is calculated based on exposure, color or saturation,or clarity scores or ratings for some or all the photographs by thephotographer according to photographer metadata in the photograph datastore 312. The camera rating can be determined based at least in part oncamera metadata in the photograph data store 312 or by calculatingaggregated or combined exposure, color or saturation, or clarity scoresor ratings for some or all the photographs taken by the camera accordingto camera metadata in the photograph data store 312.

The system can combine that visual quality score with the relevancyscore and can be used to select one or more photographs. Additionally,the visual quality score can be separate from the relevancy score.Photographs can be selected where their visual quality score satisfies athreshold as described above.

In some implementations, example method 500 is performed where thedestination is a city. Here, the system receives data indicative of acity and identifies photographs that are geographically related to thecity. For each of the photographs, the system determines a relevancyscore based at least in part on selection success data of the photographfor image queries referring to the city and references to the city indocuments associated with the photograph. The system then selects one ormore selected photographs from the photographs based at least in part ona respective visual quality score and the respective relevancy scores.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example method 600 for selecting photographs for adestination. As shown in FIG. 6, the system selects photographs for adestination by selecting photographs for points of interest associatedwith the destination.

The system receives information about a destination (602) as describedabove with reference to FIG. 5.

The system identifies multiple of points of interest associated with thedestination by querying the geographic data store 312 (604). The detailsof this step are described below with reference to FIG. 7.

The photo selection process as described above with reference to FIG. 5is performed for each of the identified points of interest associatedwith the destination (606-610). The result is one or more selected pointof interest photographs for at least some of the identified points ofinterest.

From this result, one or more destination photographs are selected(612). The system selects one or more selected destination photographsbased at least in part on the respective relevancy scores and or therespective visual quality scores for the selected point of interestphotographs as described above with reference to FIG. 5. In someimplementations, the selection of the one or more selected destinationphotographs can be based at least in part on a popularity score for therespective associated points of interest. Determination of thepopularity score is described with reference to FIG. 7. Here, the systemcan consider the relevancy score and or the visual quality score for aselected point of interest photograph as well as the popularity scorefor the associated point of interest when selecting the selected pointof interest photograph as a selected destination photograph.

In some implementations, the system can require that the popularityscore, relevancy score, visual quality score, or a combination of any ofthe three satisfy a threshold. The threshold can be determineddynamically and can be based at least in part on some or all of theidentified or selected point of interest photographs. For example, thesystem could dynamically set the threshold at a score corresponding tothe score of the bottom tenth percentile for the identified point ofinterest photographs.

Note that the term point of interest photograph has no special meaningother than to identify that the photograph was selected for a point ofinterest. Similarly the term destination photograph has no specialmeaning other than to identify that the photograph was selected for adestination.

In some implementations, example method 600 is combined with examplemethod 500. Here a first set of selected photographs are selected forthe destination using example method 500 and a second set of selectedphotographs are selected for the destination using example method 600.The system then selects one or more selected destination photographsfrom the two sets. The selection is based at least in part on one ormore criteria, including the respective relevancy scores, visual qualityscores, or popularity scores. In some implementations, the system canrequire that the popularity score, relevancy score, visual qualityscore, or a combination of any of the three satisfy a threshold. Thethreshold can be determined dynamically and can be based at least inpart on some or all of the identified or selected point of interest ordestination photographs. For example, the system could dynamically setthe threshold at a score corresponding to the score of the bottom tenthpercentile for the identified point of interest photographs anddestination photographs.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example method 700 for selecting a destination orpoint of interest. As shown in FIG. 7, one or more destinations orpoints of interest are selected for a travel location based at least inpart on a popularity score, as described below.

The system identifies multiple destinations or points of interestassociated with a travel location (702). The travel location can takeone or more forms, including, a name or identifier associated with ageographic location or a destination or a point of interest, a singleset of geographic coordinates, or multiple sets of geographiccoordinates corresponding to a shape.

In some implementations, the destinations or points of interestassociated with the travel location are identified by geographiclocation based on data mapping travel locations to destinations orpoints of interest. The travel location or location data derived fromthe travel location is used to query the geographic data store 312. Thesystem identifies a destination or point of interest from geographicdata store 312 by calculating a distance between a location of thedestination or the point of interest and the travel location. Where thecalculated distance satisfies a threshold, the system identifies thedestination or point of interest as being associated with the travellocation. The threshold can be satisfied as described above.

In some implementations, the destinations or points of interestassociated with the travel location are identified using data mappingtravel locations to destinations or points of interest based at least inpart on matching or the logical hierarchy. The travel location orlocation data derived from the travel location is used to query thegeographic data store 312 to identify one or more destinations or pointsof interest that match the travel location. Matching can be based atleast in part on comparing names, identifiers, or geographic coordinatesfor the travel location with those for the destinations or points ofinterest. Additionally in some implementations, the system identifiesadditional destinations or points of interest using the logicalhierarchy by selecting destinations or points of interest that arerelated in the logical hierarchy to the destinations or points ofinterest that match the travel location. For example, where the travellocation is California the matching destination could be California.Using the logical hierarchy, additional destinations could be identifiedthat are within California, e.g., San Francisco, Los Angeles, or SanDiego. Additionally, the system can choose to identify onlydestinations, only points of interests, or a combination of the two. Insome implementations, the matching and hierarchical identificationapproaches disclosed here are combined with the geographic locationapproach disclosed above.

The system determines a popularity score for each of the destinations orpoints of interest that are associated with a travel location (710). Thesystem determines the popularity score based at least in part on one ormore criteria, including travel related documents that refer to thedestination or point of interest, travel related queries that refer tothe destination or point of interest, or photographs that aregeographically related to the destination or point of interest. Thepopularity score, as determined by the system, can be numeric ornonnumeric and may comprise more than one score or include sub-scores.

In some implementations, the popularity score is determined based atleast in part on determining travel related documents that refer to thedestination or point of interest (704). The system determines the travelrelated documents from one or more types of documents, including webpages, social networking pages, photo sharing pages, word processingdocuments, presentations, or books. The system classifies documents astravel related documents based at least in part on one or more criteriaincluding, usage of travel related terms in the text, title, header,URL, metadata, or markup language of the document, or being from atravel related source based at least in part on a list of travel relatedsources. The system accesses the travel related documents in one or moreways, including by querying a travel document data store, or obtainingresults from a document or Internet search with travel related terms.The system determines that the travel related documents refer to thedestination or point of interest, e.g., by identifying a reference to aname or identifier of the destination or point of interest in text,title, header, URL, metadata, or markup language of the travel relateddocument.

The system then determines a popularity score for a destination or pointof interest based at least in part on the travel related documents thatrefer to the destination or point of interest. The popularity score isdetermined in one or more ways, including determining a count for thenumber of travel related documents or the number of references to thedestination or point of interest in the travel related documents.Optionally, the count can be weighted based at least in part on thequantity or quality of the references to the destination or point ofinterest in the respective travel related documents. Optionally, thecount can be weighted based at least in part on the source of the travelrelated documents. Optionally, the system compares the travel relateddocuments and removes duplicates. Optionally, the system analyzes thetravel documents and removes those that appear to be spam. Additionally,the count can be modified using one or more mathematical operators toadjust the distribution of counts or to coerce counts into a range.

In some implementations, the popularity score is determined based atleast in part on determining travel related documents that refer to thedestination or point of interest as well as an activity. This approachis similar to the approach for determining a popularity score based atleast in part on travel related documents described above, with theaddition that the travel related documents also refer to the activity.Here, the travel related documents are determined to refer to theactivity based at least in part on, e.g., references to the activity orits synonyms in text, title, header, URL, metadata, or markup languageof the travel related document.

In some implementations, the popularity score is determined based atleast in part on determining travel related queries that refer to thedestination or point of interest (706). The system classifies a query asa travel related query based at least in part on one or more criteriaincluding, determining that the query was for or directed to a travelsearch engine, the query includes one or more travel related terms, orthe query includes terms associated with a geographic location that isgreater than a threshold distance away from a location of an I.P.address associated with the query. The system determines that the travelrelated queries refer to the destination or point of interest based atleast in part on the inclusion of terms that are relevant to thedestination or point of interest, e.g., names or identifiers for thedestination or point of interest or other destinations or points ofinterest that are related to the destination or point of interest basedat least in part on the logical hierarchy.

The system then determines the popularity score for a destination orpoint of interest in one or more ways, including determining a count forthe number of travel related queries or the number of references to thedestination or point of interest in the travel related queries.Optionally, the count can be weighted based at least in part on thequantity or quality of the references to the destination or point ofinterest in the respective travel related queries. Additionally, thecount can be modified using one or more mathematical operators to adjustthe distribution of counts or to coerce counts into a range.

In some implementations, the popularity score is determined based atleast in part on travel related queries that refer to the destination orpoint of interest as well as an activity. This approach is similar tothe approach for determining a popularity score based at least in parton travel related queries described above, with the addition that thetravel related queries also refer to the activity. Here, the travelrelated queries are determined to refer to the activity based at leastin part on the inclusion of one or more terms that reference theactivity or its synonyms.

In some implementations, the popularity score is determined based atleast in part on a combined query distance for the travel relatedqueries that refer to the destination or point of interest. The querydistance for each travel related query is determined by calculating, thedistance between a location associated with the travel related query andthe location of the destination or point of interest. A locationassociated with the travel related query can be determined in one ormore ways, including resolving an IP address associated with the query.The query distances for the travel related queries are then combinedusing one or more mathematical operators. For example, the combinedquery distance can be the average or the total of the query distances.

In some implementations, the popularity score is determined based atleast in part on identifying photographs that are geographically relatedto the destination or point of interest (708). Photographs that aregeographically related to the destination or point of interest areidentified as described above with regard to FIGS. 5-6.

The system then determines the popularity score for the destination orpoint of interest based at least in part on the photographs that aregeographically related to the destination or point of interest. In someinstances, the popularity score is determined based at least in part ona count of the number of photographs that are geographically related tothe destination or point of interest. Optionally, the count can beweighted based at least in part on the respective distances between thelocations associated with the photographs and the location of thedestination or point of interest. Additionally, the count may bemodified using one or more mathematical operators to adjust thedistribution of counts or to coerce the count into a range.

In some implementations, the popularity score is determined based atleast in part on two or more of the approaches described above,including determining travel related documents, determining travelrelated queries, determining combined query distances, or identifyingphotographs. Here, the popularity score is determined in one or moreways, including combining the respective popularity scores for each ofthe approaches by applying one or more mathematical operators orformulas.

In some implementations, the popularity score for a destination isdetermined based at least in part on the popularity scores for otherdestinations or points of interest that are related to the destinationaccording to the logical hierarchy. Here, other destinations or pointsof interest that are related to the destination are identified using thelogical hierarchy as described above with reference to FIGS. 3 and 7.For each of the identified other destinations or points of interest, apopularity score is determined using one or more of the approachesdescribed above. The popularity scores for the other destinations orpoints of interest can be combined by applying one or more mathematicaloperators or formulas. Additionally, a popularity score for thedestination can be determined using one or more of the approachesdescribed above. The combined popularity score for the otherdestinations or points of interest can be combined with the popularityscore for the destination by applying one or more mathematical operatorsor formulas.

The system selects one or more selected destinations or points ofinterest from the identified destinations or points of interest based atleast in part on the respective popularity scores (712). In someimplementations, the destinations or points of interest with the bestscore or scores are selected. Depending on how the popularity score isdetermined, the best score may be the highest score or the lowest score.In some implementations, destinations or points of interest are selectedif they satisfy a threshold as described above.

In some implementations, the destinations are cities. Here, citiesassociated with a travel location are identified by querying thegeographic data store 312. For each of the cities the system determines:a count of travel related documents that refer to the city, a count oftravel related queries that refer to the city, a count of photographsfrom the photograph data store 310 that are geographically related tothe city, and a popularity score based at least in part on the count oftravel documents, the count of travel queries, and the count ofphotographs. The system then selects one or more selected cities basedat least in part on the respective popularity scores.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example method 800 for providing travel queryresults 120. As shown in FIG. 8, the system provides travel queryresults 120 for one or more destinations or points of interest that areidentified based at least in part on a travel query 116.

The system receives a travel query 116 as described above with referenceto FIG. 1 (802).

The system determines one or more terms or parameters from the travelquery 116 (804). The terms or parameters can include: an originlocation, a travel location, a timeframe, an activity, flightpreferences, hotel preferences, or pricing preferences. The originlocation defines a geographical location for travel to originate. Forexample, the origin location can be any city or airport from whichtravel can originate. The travel location defines a geographicallocation that the user intends to travel to or visit. The timeframedefines a period of time for which travel is to occur. The timeframe canbe a single date or time, a range of dates or times, a month, a season,or a combination of any of these. Additionally, the timeframe can beflexible or fixed. The activity defines something the user intends to dowhile traveling, for example snorkeling. The flight preferences defineone or more options related to air travel, for example first class ornonstop. The hotel preferences define one or more options relating tolodging, for example a star rating or the presence of a pool. Thepricing preferences define one or more options relating to cost, forexample total trip cost, hotel cost, or airfare cost. The terms orparameters can be determined based at least in part on the metadata ofthe travel query 116.

The system identifies multiple destinations or points of interestassociated with the travel location (806). The destinations or points ofinterest are identified using one or more of the approaches disclosedabove with reference to FIG. 7. The identification of the destinationsor points of interest can occur either in anticipation of the travelquery 116 or in response to the travel query 116.

In some implementations, the system selects a subset of the identifieddestinations or points of interest based at least in part on apopularity score. The selection can be performed using one or more ofthe approaches disclosed with reference to FIG. 7, including selectingthe destinations or points of interest having the best score or thosethat satisfy a threshold.

The system determines multiple photographs for each of the identifieddestinations or points of interest. The photographs are determined usingone or more of the approaches disclosed above with reference to FIGS.5-6. The determination of the photographs can occur either inanticipation of the travel query 116 or in response to the travel query116.

The system selects one or more selected photographs for each of theidentified destinations or points of interest (808). The one or moreselected photographs are determined using one or more of the approachesdisclosed above in reference to FIGS. 5-6. The selection of the one ormore selected photographs can occur either in anticipation of the travelquery 116 or in response to the travel query 116.

In some implementations, the system obtains a description associatedwith a destination or point of interest for each of the identifieddestinations or points of interest (810). The system obtains thedescriptions, including text, images, links, or videos, from thegeographic data store 312 or another data store. In someimplementations, the description is obtained by crawling or requestingwebpages, for example from an open source online encyclopedia. Theobtaining of the descriptions can occur either in anticipation of thetravel query 116 or in response to the travel query 116.

In some implementations, the system obtains hotel data regarding one ormore hotels (812), for example hotel prices. The system obtains thehotel data, including titles, descriptions, photographs, star ratings,cost, availability, user ratings, or locations, by request from thehotel module 210, or a hotel search engine. The request for hotel datacan include the travel location, the timeframe, the hotel preferences,or the pricing preferences as determined from the travel query 116. Theobtaining of the hotel data can occur either in anticipation of thetravel query 116 or in response to the travel query 116.

In some implementations, the system obtains flight data regarding one ormore flights (814), for example flight prices. The system obtains theflight data, including flight numbers, descriptions, images, routinginformation, availability, prices, times, dates, or airlines, byrequest, from the flight module 212 or a flight search engine. Therequest for flight data can include the origin location, the travellocation, the timeframe, the flight preferences, or the pricingpreferences as determined from the travel query 116. The obtaining ofthe flight data can occur either in anticipation of the travel query 116or in response to the travel query 116.

The system provides one or more travel query results 120 for theidentified destinations or points of interest as described above withreference to FIGS. 1-2. The system provides query results in accordancewith user privacy policies and expectations and copyright law. In someimplementations, the system provides travel query results 120 thatinclude one or more of the respective selected photographs for theidentified destinations or points of interest. In some implementations,the system provides travel query results 120 that include the respectivedescriptions for the identified of destinations or points of interest.In some implementations, the system provides travel query results 120that include the respective hotel data for the identified destinationsor points of interest. The hotel data provided in the travel queryresults 120 can be a selected subset of the hotel data. For example, insome instances only the cost for the cheapest hotel is provided. Theselection of the subset of the hotel data can be based at least in parton any of the relevant terms in the travel query 116.

In some implementations, the travel query results 120 include respectiveflight data for each of the destinations or points of interest. Theflight data provided in the travel query results 120 can be a selectedsubset of the flight data. For example in some instances only the costfor the cheapest flight is provided. The selection of the subset of theflight data can be based at least in part on any of the relevant termsin the travel query 116.

In some implementations, the system only provides query results for asubset of the identified destinations or points of interest determinedbased at least in part on respective popularity scores. The respectivepopularity scores are determined using one or more of the approachesdisclosed above in reference to FIG. 7. Selection of the subset of theidentified destinations or points of interest can be performed using oneor more of the approaches disclosed above with reference to FIG. 7.

In some implementations, the system ranks the query results based atleast in part on the respective popularity scores for the identifieddestinations or points of interest. Popularity scores can be determinedusing one or more of the approaches disclosed above in reference to FIG.7. The system can rank the query results from highest popularity scoreto lowest popularity score or vice versa.

In some implementations, the destinations are cities. Here, for examplethe system receives a travel query 116 and determines an originlocation, a time frame, and a travel location based at least in part onthe travel query 116. The system then identifies cities associated witha travel location by querying the geographic data store 312. For each ofthe cities the system: determines a photographs that are geographicallyrelated to the city, selects a selected photograph from the photographs,obtains a description associated with the city, obtains a hotel priceassociated with the city and with the time frame, and obtains a flightprice for a flight corresponding to the origin location, the city, andthe time frame. The system then provides travel query results 120,including the respective selected photograph, the respectivedescription, the respective hotel price, and the respective flight pricefor each of the cities.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example method 900 for providing a destinationpage. As shown in FIG. 9, a destination page is provided for a request.

The system receives a request for a destination (902). In someimplementations, the system identifies the destination based on anidentifier of the destination included in the request, for example aname, an identification code, or geographic coordinates.

The system identifies destination photographs that are geographicallyrelated to the destination (904). The destination photographs areidentified using one or more of the approaches or implementationsdescribed above with reference to FIGS. 5-6.

The system selects a selected destination photograph for the destinationfrom the destination photographs (904). The selected destinationphotograph for the destination is selected using one or more of theapproaches or implementations described above with reference to FIGS.5-6.

The system obtains a destination description associated with thedestination (906). The destination description associated with thedestination is obtained using one or more of the approaches orimplementations described above with respect to FIG. 8.

The system obtains hotel data associated with the destination (908). Thehotel data is obtained using one or more of the approaches orimplementations described above with reference to FIG. 8.

The system obtains flight data associated with the destination (910).The flight dated is obtained using one or more of the approaches orimplementations described above with reference to FIG. 8.

The system identifies points of interest associated with the destination(912). The points of interest are identified using one or more of theapproaches or implementations described above with reference to FIG. 7.

For each of the identified points of interest, the system identifiespoint of interest photographs that are geographically related to thepoint of interest (914). The point of interest photographs areidentified using one or more of the approaches or implementationsdescribed above with reference to FIG. 5.

For each of the identified points of interest, the system selects aselected point of interest photograph from the respective point ofinterest photographs (914). The selected point of interest photographsare selected using one or more of the approaches described above withreference to FIG. 5.

For each of the identified points of interest, the system obtains apoint of interest description (916). The respective point of interestdescriptions are obtained using one or more of the approaches orimplementations described above with reference to FIG. 8.

The system provides a destination page (918). The system provides thedestination page in accordance with user privacy policies andexpectations and copyright law. The destination page includes theselected destination photograph, some or all of the hotel data, some orall the flight data, the destination description, the selected point ofinterest photographs, and the selected point of interest descriptions.The page can be provided in one or more formats, for example HTML orXML. The page can be provided such that it includes commands directinghow it should be displayed or rendered on a user device 105, includingCascading Style Sheets (CSS) language or JavaScript language commands.The page can be provided such that it is optimized or designed for aparticular device, operating system, screen size, or resolution, forexample, as an application running on the desktop or mobile operatingsystem or as a webpage running on a browser. The page can be generatedeither in anticipation of the request or in response to the request.

In some implementations, the system provides hotel data for one or morehotels, including titles, descriptions, photographs, star ratings, cost,availability, user ratings, or locations. The system can select toprovide hotel data for a subset of the hotels based at least in part onone or more criteria, e.g., price, location, star rating, or userrating.

In some implementations, the system provides flight data for one or moreflights, for example flight numbers, descriptions, images, routinginformation, availability, prices, times, dates, or airlines. The systemcan select to provide flight data for a subset of the flights based atleast in part on one or more criteria, e.g., price or time.

Note that in describing FIG. 9, descriptions and photographs arereferred to as point of interest descriptions, destination descriptions,point of interest photographs, and destination photographs. Here the useof destination or point of interest before descriptions or photographshas no special meaning and is merely used as an identifier to aid thereader.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example method 1000 for providing a point ofinterest page. As shown in FIG. 10, the system provides a point ofinterest page for a request.

The system receives a request for a point of interest (1002). In someimplementations, the system identifies the point of interest based on anidentifier of a point of interest included in the request, for example aname, an identification code, or geographic coordinates.

The system identifies photographs that are geographically related to thepoint of interest (1004). The photographs are identified using one ormore of the approaches or implementations described above with referenceto FIG. 5.

The system selects a selected photograph for the point of interest fromthe identified photographs (1004). The selected photograph for the pointof interest is selected using one or more of the approaches orimplementations described above with reference to FIG. 5.

The system obtains a description associated with the point of interest(1006). The description associated with the point of interest isobtained using one or more of the approaches or implementationsdescribed above with reference to FIG. 8.

The system obtains hotel data associated with the point of interest(1008). The hotel data is obtained using one or more of the approachesor implementations described above with reference to FIG. 8.

The system identifies other points of interest associated with the pointof interest (1012). The other points of interest are identified usingone or more of the approaches or implementations described above withreference to FIGS. 7-8.

For each of the identified other points of interest, the systemidentifies other point of interest photographs that are geographicallyrelated to the other point of interest (1014). The respective otherpoint of interest photographs are identified using one or more of theapproaches or implementations described above with reference to FIG. 5.

For each of the identified other points of interest, the system selectsa selected other point of interest photograph from the respective otherpoint of interest photographs (1014). The selected other point ofinterest photographs are selected using one or more of the approachesdescribed above with reference to FIG. 5.

For each of the identified points of interest, the system obtains another point of interest description (1016). The respective other pointof interest descriptions are obtained using one or more of theapproaches or implementations described above with reference to FIG. 8.

The system provides a point of interest page (1018). The system providesthe point of interest page in accordance with user privacy policies andexpectations and copyright law. The point of interest page includes theselected photograph, some or all of the hotel data, the description, theselected other point of interest photographs, and the selected otherpoint of interest descriptions. The page can be in one or more formats,include commands, or optimized as described above with reference to FIG.9. The page can be generated either in anticipation of the request or inresponse to the request. In some implementations, some or all of thehotel data is provided as described above with reference to FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example travel search engine interface 1100 for atravel search engine. The travel search engine interface 1100 can beimplemented in one or more formats or languages, for example HTML,Flash, or XML. It can include commands directing how it should bedisplayed or rendered on a user device, including CSS or JavaScriptcommands. The travel search engine interface 1100 can be instantiated inversions optimized or designed for a particular device, operatingsystem, screen size, or resolution, for example, as an applicationrunning on a desktop or mobile operating system or as a webpage runningon a browser.

The travel search engine interface 1100 includes a travel query optionsection 1101. The travel query option section 1101 can take one or moreforms, for example as a bar extending across the top portion of thetravel search engine interface 1100. The travel query option section1101 has a number of fields including a from field 1102, a startdate-end date field 1106, a number of people field 1108, and a hotelstars field 1110. The fields may be arranged in any order, linearly,horizontally, or in a grid. The data entered in the travel query optionsection 1101 is submitted as part of a travel query.

The from field 1102 is a field that allows a user to specify wheretravel is to originate from. In some implementations, the from field isa drop-down, for example as a list of cities or airports. In someimplementations, the from field is a text box, for example a boxallowing free text entry that auto completes with a city or airport asthe user types. The from field is associated with the origin location ofa travel query as described above.

Start date-end date field 1106 is a field that allows a user to specifythe time period for travel. In some implementations, the start date-enddate field 1106 has two subfields, one for start date and one for enddate, for example two fields each with a drop-down for month, day, andyear. In some implementations, the start date-end date field 1106displays a calendar that allows the user to select a start and end dateon the calendar. The start date-end date field 1106 is associated withthe timeframe of the travel query as described above.

The number of people field 1108 is a field that allows a user to specifythe number of travelers. In some implementations, the number of peoplefield 1108 is a drop-down. In some implementations, the number of peoplefield 1108 is a text box.

The hotel stars field 1110 is a field allows a user to specify a hotelstars preference. In some implementations, the hotel stars field 1110 isa drop-down. In some implementations, the hotel stars field 1110 is atext box. The hotel stars field 1110 is associated with hotelpreferences of the travel query as discussed above.

In some implementations, the travel query options section 1101 includesan exact dates field 1104. The exact dates field 1104 is a field thatallows a user to indicate whether the travel time period is flexible. Insome implementations, the exact dates field 1104 is a checkbox or radiobutton. In some implementations, the exact dates field 1104 is adrop-down or text box that allows a user to enter how many days shouldbe added to and or subtracted from the travel period.

The travel search engine interface 1100 includes a travel query boxfield 1112. The travel query box field 1112 is a field that allows auser to enter a desired travel location, for example a destination orpoint of interest. The query box 1112 accepts queries in one or moreforms, for example text queries, audio queries, natural languagequeries, or structured queries. In some implementations, the query box1112 accepts queries including an activity, for example “snorkeling inAsia.” The travel query box field 1112 is associated with the travellocation of a travel query and in some cases with the activity of atravel query as discussed above.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example travel query results interface 1200 forproviding travel query results. The travel query results interface 1200can be implemented similarly to travel search engine interface 1100 asdescribed with reference to FIG. 11.

In some implementations, the query results interface 1200 includes atravel query option section 1101 as described above with reference toFIG. 11. Where a user enters data into the travel query option section1101, it can cause the system to provide updated travel query resultsreflective of the data entered into the travel query option section1101. The travel query option section 1101 can be configured to providethe updated travel query results without refreshing the entire travelquery results interface 1200, for example by using JavaScript.

The travel query results interface 1200 includes one or more travelquery results each displayed in a travel query results section 1202. Thetravel query results section 1202 can be displayed so as to distinguishone travel query result from another, for example as a box. In someimplementations, the travel query results section 1202 includes aphotograph 1204, a description 1206, a hotel price 1208, and a flightprice 1210, each of which is described in greater detail with referenceto FIG. 8. The photograph 1204, the description 1206, the hotel price1208, and the flight price 1210 may be arranged in any order, linearly,horizontally, or in a grid. In some implementations, the photograph 1204includes multiple photographs that can be displayed all at the same timeor one at a time. In some implementations, the hotel price 1208 and theflight price 1210 include links that direct to one or more locationswhere the hotel or flight can be purchased.

In some implementations, the travel query results interface 1200includes a price filter 1211. The price filter 1211 can take one or moreforms, for example a list of links each associated with a price or pricerange, or one or more fields for entering a price or price range.Responsive to user interaction with the price filter 1211, the travelquery results interface 1200 can provide updated travel query resultsfiltered on price without refreshing the entire travel query interface1200, for example by using JavaScript.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example destination page 1300 for providinginformation about a destination, as described with reference to FIG. 9.The destination page 1300 can be implemented similarly to travel searchengine interface 1100 as described with reference to FIG. 11

In some implementations, the destination page 1300 includes a travelquery option section 1101 as described above with reference to FIGS.11-12. Where a user enters data into the travel query option section1101, the destination page 1300 can cause the system to provide updateddata for the destination without refreshing the entire destination page1300, for example, by using JavaScript.

In some implementations, the destination page 1300 includes adestination photograph 1302, as described with reference to FIG. 9. Thedestination photograph 1302 can include multiple photographs some or allof which can be displayed at the same time.

In some implementations, the destination page 1300 includes adestination description 1304, as described with reference to FIG. 9.

In some implementations, the destination page 1300 includes a map 1306.The map can be an embedded map provided by one or more map providers andcentered on a geographic location associated with the destination.

In some implementations, the destination page 1300 includes hotelsinformation 1308. The hotels information 1308 is based on the hotel dataas described with reference to FIG. 9. The hotels information 1308 caninclude links that direct to a location where a hotel can be purchased.

In some implementations, the destination page 1300 includes flightsinformation 1310. The flights information 1310 is based on the flightdata as described with reference to FIG. 9. The flights information 1310can include links that direct to a location where a flight can bepurchased.

In some implementations, the destination page 1300 includes a points ofinterest section 1311. The points of interest section 1311 can includeinformation 1313 about one or more points of interest. The points ofinterest can be selected as described with reference to FIG. 9. Thepoints of interest information 1313 can include one or more photographsor a description as described with reference to FIG. 9.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example point of interest page 1400 for providinginformation about a destination, as described with reference to FIG. 10.The point of interest page 1400 is substantially similar to thedestination page 1300 as described with reference to FIG. 13, with theexceptions that the point of interest page 1400 includes a point ofinterest photograph 1402 and a point of interest description 1404 asdescribed with reference to FIG. 10. The point of interest photograph1402 can include multiple photographs, some or all of which can bedisplayed at the same time.

Embodiments of the subject matter and the functional operationsdescribed in this specification can be implemented in digital electroniccircuitry, in tangibly-embodied computer software or firmware, incomputer hardware, including the structures disclosed in thisspecification and their structural equivalents, or in combinations ofone or more of them. Embodiments of the subject matter described in thisspecification can be implemented as one or more computer programs, i.e.,one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on atangible non transitory program carrier for execution by, or to controlthe operation of, data processing apparatus. Alternatively or inaddition, the program instructions can be encoded on an artificiallygenerated propagated signal, e.g., a machine-generated electrical,optical, or electromagnetic signal, that is generated to encodeinformation for transmission to suitable receiver apparatus forexecution by a data processing apparatus. The computer storage mediumcan be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storagesubstrate, a random or serial access memory device, or a combination ofone or more of them.

The term “data processing apparatus” refers to data processing hardwareand encompasses all kinds of apparatus, devices, and machines forprocessing data, including by way of example a programmable processor, acomputer, or multiple processors or computers. The apparatus can also beor further include special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (fieldprogrammable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integratedcircuit). The apparatus can optionally include, in addition to hardware,code that creates an execution environment for computer programs, e.g.,code that constitutes processor firmware, a protocol stack, a databasemanagement system, an operating system, or a combination of one or moreof them.

A computer program, which may also be referred to or described as aprogram, software, a software application, a module, a software module,a script, or code, can be written in any form of programming language,including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative orprocedural languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as astand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unitsuitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program may, butneed not, correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be storedin a portion of a file that holds other programs or data, e.g., one ormore scripts stored in a markup language document, in a single filededicated to the program in question, or in multiple coordinated files,e.g., files that store one or more modules, sub programs, or portions ofcode. A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computeror on multiple computers that are located at one site or distributedacross multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.

The processes and logic flows described in this specification can beperformed by one or more programmable computers executing one or morecomputer programs to perform functions by operating on input data andgenerating output. The processes and logic flows can also be performedby, and apparatus can also be implemented as, special purpose logiccircuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC(application specific integrated circuit).

Computers suitable for the execution of a computer program include, byway of example, can be based on general or special purposemicroprocessors or both, or any other kind of central processing unit.Generally, a central processing unit will receive instructions and datafrom a read only memory or a random access memory or both. The essentialelements of a computer are a central processing unit for performing orexecuting instructions and one or more memory devices for storinginstructions and data. Generally, a computer will also include, or beoperatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to, or both,one or more mass storage devices for storing data, e.g., magnetic,magneto optical disks, or optical disks. However, a computer need nothave such devices. Moreover, a computer can be embedded in anotherdevice, e.g., a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), amobile audio or video player, a game console, a Global PositioningSystem (GPS) receiver, or a portable storage device, e.g., a universalserial bus (USB) flash drive, to name just a few.

Computer readable media suitable for storing computer programinstructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, mediaand memory devices, including by way of example semiconductor memorydevices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks,e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto optical disks; andCD ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory can besupplemented by, or incorporated in, special purpose logic circuitry.

To provide for interaction with a user, embodiments of the subjectmatter described in this specification can be implemented on a computerhaving a display device, e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquidcrystal display) monitor, for displaying information to the user and akeyboard and a pointing device, e.g., a mouse or a trackball, by whichthe user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices canbe used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example,feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback, e.g.,visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback; and input fromthe user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, ortactile input. In addition, a computer can interact with a user bysending documents to and receiving documents from a device that is usedby the user; for example, by sending web pages to a web browser on auser's device in response to requests received from the web browser.

Embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can beimplemented in a computing system that includes a back end component,e.g., as a data server, or that includes a middleware component, e.g.,an application server, or that includes a front end component, e.g., aclient computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browserthrough which a user can interact with an implementation of the subjectmatter described in this specification, or any combination of one ormore such back end, middleware, or front end components. The componentsof the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digitaldata communication, e.g., a communication network. Examples ofcommunication networks include a local area network (LAN) and a widearea network (WAN), e.g., the Internet.

The computing system can include clients and servers. A client andserver are generally remote from each other and typically interactthrough a communication network. The relationship of client and serverarises by virtue of computer programs running on the respectivecomputers and having a client-server relationship to each other. In someembodiments, a server transmits data, e.g., an HTML page, to a userdevice, e.g., for purposes of displaying data to and receiving userinput from a user interacting with the user device, which acts as aclient. Data generated at the user device, e.g., a result of the userinteraction, can be received from the user device at the server.

While this specification contains many specific implementation details,these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of anyinvention or on the scope of what may be claimed, but rather asdescriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodimentsof particular inventions. Certain features that are described in thisspecification in the context of separate embodiments can also beimplemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, variousfeatures that are described in the context of a single embodiment canalso be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in anysuitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be describedabove as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed assuch, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some casesbe excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may bedirected to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.

Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particularorder, this should not be understood as requiring that such operationsbe performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, orthat all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirableresults. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processingmay be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system modulesand components in the embodiments described above should not beunderstood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and itshould be understood that the described program components and systemscan generally be integrated together in a single software product orpackaged into multiple software products.

Particular embodiments of the subject matter have been described. Otherembodiments are within the scope of the following claims. For example,the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different orderand still achieve desirable results. As one example, the processesdepicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require theparticular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirableresults. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may beadvantageous.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method to provide imagesin response to search queries, comprising: by a search computing system:receiving, search query indicating a queried point of interest;retrieving geographic data comprising a logical hierarchy indicatingrelationships between one or more destinations and one or more points ofinterest, including the queried point of interest; identifying one ormore other points of interest based, at least in part, on the geographicdata comprising the logical hierarchy, wherein the one or more otherpoints of interest are different from the queried point of interest;identifying two or more images geographically related to the one or moreother points of interest; determining, for each of the two or moreimages, a relevancy score based at least in part on references to theone or more other points of interest in electronic documents associatedwith the image; selecting a particular image from the two or more imagesbased at least in part on a respective relevancy score for each image ofthe two or more images; and providing, to a user computing device, theparticular image in response to the search query.
 2. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the two or more imagesare identified according to temporal metadata and geographic metadata.3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein each of the twoor more images is associated with a respective geographic location thatis within a specified distance of the one or more other points ofinterest.
 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein therelevancy score is further based in part on selection success datacomprising click-through data or explicit feedback data for each of thetwo or more images.
 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4,wherein the selection success data for each of the two or more images isfor image queries that refer to an activity and the references in theelectronic documents associated with the image are to the activity. 6.The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the selectionsuccess data for each of the two or more images is for image queriesthat refer to the one or more other points of interest and thereferences in the electronic documents associated with the two or moreimages are to the one or more other points of interest.
 7. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the two or more imagesare identified based at least in part on image clustering usingnon-geographic and geographic metadata.
 8. The computer-implementedmethod of claim 1, wherein the search query indicating the one or moreother points of interest includes at least one term associated with theone or more other points of interest.
 9. The computer-implemented methodof claim 1, wherein the electronic documents comprise one or more of webpages, pages in a social network, and pages in an image sharing service.10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the particularimage from the two or more images is selected further based at least inpart on a respective visual quality score for each image of the two ormore images, wherein the respective visual quality score is based atleast in part on one or more of: an exposure rating, a color rating, asaturation rating, a clarity rating, a photographer rating, a camerarating, or a user feedback rating.
 11. The computer-implemented methodof claim 1, wherein the respective relevancy score for each image of thetwo or more images is based at least in part on computer imagerecognition of an object associated with the one or more other points ofinterest.
 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein thetwo or more images are identified from an index of images.
 13. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining, for each ofthe two or more images, the relevancy score based at least in part onreferences to the one or more other points of interest in electronicdocuments associated with the image comprises: identifying theelectronic documents associated with the image based on one or morecriteria; and determining which of the electronic documents associatedwith the image reference the one or more other points of interest,wherein an electronic document is determined to reference the one ormore other points of interest when the document comprises terms that arerelevant to the one or more other points of interest.
 14. A system toprovide images in response to search queries, comprising: one or morecomputers and one or more storage devices storing instructions that areoperable, when executed by the one or more computers, cause the one ormore computers to: receive a search query indicating a queried travellocation; retrieve geographic data comprising a logical hierarchyindicating relationships between one or more travel locations, includingthe queried travel location and one or more points of interest; identifyone or more related points of interest based, at least in part, on thegeographic data comprising the logical hierarchy; identify two or moreimages geographically related to the one or more related points ofinterest; determine, for each of the two or more images, a relevancyscore based at least in part on references to the one or more relatedpoints of interest in electronic documents associated with the image;select a particular image from the two or more images based at least inpart on a respective relevancy score for each image of the two or moreimages; and provide, to a user computing device, the particular image inresponse to the search query.
 15. The system of claim 14, wherein thetwo or more images are identified according to temporal metadata andgeographic metadata.
 16. The system of claim 14, wherein each of the twoor more images is associated with a respective geographic location thatis within a specified distance of the one or more related points ofinterest.
 17. The system of claim 14, wherein the relevancy score isfurther based in part on selection success data comprising click-throughdata or explicit feedback data for each of the two of more images.
 18. Acomputer program product to provide images in response to searchqueries, comprising: a non-transitory computer readable storage mediumencoded with computer-executable instructions that, when executed by oneor more computers, cause the one or more computers to: receive, searchquery indicating a queried point of interest; retrieve geographic datacomprising a logical hierarchy indicating relationships between one ormore destinations and one or more points of interest, including thequeried point of interest; identify one or more other points of interestbased, at least in part, on the geographic data comprising the logicalhierarchy, wherein the one or more other points of interest aredifferent from the queried point of interest; identify two or moreimages geographically related to the one or more other points ofinterest; determine, for each of the two or more images, a relevancyscore based at least in part on references to the one or more otherpoints of interest in electronic documents associated with the image;select a particular image from the two or more images based at least inpart on a respective relevancy score for each image of the two or moreimages; and provide, to a user computing device, the particular image inresponse to the search query.
 19. The computer program product of claim18, wherein the two or more images are identified according to temporalmetadata and geographic metadata.
 20. The computer program product ofclaim 18, wherein each of the two or more images is associated with arespective geographic location that is within a specified distance ofthe one or more other points of interest.